What accessories does the shock absorber include?
Auto suspension systems include the following:
This frame is the component and load carrier that supports the engine and body of the car and in turn is supported by the suspension.
Suspension – Adjustments that support weight, absorb and reduce shock, and help maintain rubber contact
Steering system – a mechanism that enables the driver to steer and steer the vehicle
Tires and wheels – components that allow the car to move through grip or friction with the road
Therefore, the suspension system is just one of the main systems of any vehicle.
With this in mind, it’s time to look at the three basic components of any suspension: springs, dampers, and anti-roll bars.
Springs
Today’s spring systems are based on one of four basic designs:
Coil springs – This is the most common type of spring and is essentially a heavy torsion bar wrapped around an axis. The coil springs are compressed and expanded to absorb the movement of the wheels.
Leaf springs – These types of springs are made up of several layers of metal (called “leaves”) that are joined together and act as a single unit. Leaf springs were first used in horse-drawn carriages and were found in most American cars until 1985. It is still used in most trucks and heavy vehicles today.
Torsion rods – Torsion rods use the torsional properties of a steel rod for coil-like operation. Here’s how they work: One end of the bar anchors to the car frame. The other end is attached to the elbow bone, which acts as a lever that moves perpendicular to the torsion bar. When the wheel strikes a bump, the vertical motion is transmitted to the pedal bone and then to the torsion bar via lever action. The torsion bar then twists along its axis to provide spring force. European automakers have used the system extensively, as did Packard and Chrysler in the United States since the 1950s and 1960s.
Air springs – Air springs, which consist of a cylindrical air chamber located between the wheel and the car body, use the quality of air compression to absorb the vibrations of the wheel. This concept is actually more than a century old and can be found in buggy bugs. Air springs from this period are made of air-filled leather diaphragms, exactly like the tail. They were replaced by molded rubber springs in the 1930s.
Depending on where the springs are on a machine – that is, between the wheels and the frame – engineers usually find it easy to talk about the mass of the spring and the mass that does not come out.
Springs: Sprung Mass and Unsprung Mass
Sprung mass is a device that rests on springs, while unseparated mass is freely defined as the mass between the road and the suspension springs. The stiffness of the springs affects how the spring mass responds when driving a car. Free-spirited cars, such as luxury cars (think Lincoln Town cars), can swallow bumps and provide a very smooth and comfortable ride. However, such a car is prone to jumping and squatting when braking and accelerating, and tends to sway or rotate when cornering. Highly congested cars, such as sports cars (think Mazda Miata), are less tolerable on bumpy roads, but minimize body movement well, meaning that even in corners. And they can also be led aggressively.
Thus, while springs themselves seem like simple devices, designing and implementing them on the car to balance passenger comfort and handling is a complex task. To complicate matters,
springs alone cannot provide a perfectly smooth ride. Why? Because springs are great at absorbing energy, they are not very good at wasting it. Other structures, known as dampers, are needed to do this.